
Krishna completes the description of the Supreme. 'Jyotiṣām api taj jyotis'—it is the light of all lights. The Supreme is the source of all light—physical, mental, spiritual. 'Tamasaḥ param ucyate'—it is said to be beyond darkness. The Supreme is beyond ignorance, beyond the field's limitations. 'Jñānaṁ jñeyaṁ jñāna-gamyam'—it is knowledge, that which is to be known, and that which is to be attained through knowledge. The Supreme is the source of knowledge, the object of knowledge, and the goal of knowledge. 'Hṛdi sarvasya viṣṭhitam'—it is situated in the hearts of all. The Supreme is present in everyone—not distant, not separate, but present in the heart. This verse completes the description of the Supreme as the ultimate knower—the light that illuminates all, beyond darkness, present in all hearts. When you understand this, you recognize the Supreme as the ultimate reality—the source of all, present in all, the goal of all knowledge.
How this ancient wisdom applies to your daily life

Krishna completes the description of the Supreme. The Supreme is the light of all lights, beyond darkness, the source and goal of knowledge, and present in the hearts of all. Most people are in darkness—confusion, ignorance, suffering. They think: 'I can't see clearly. I don't understand.' But they're not recognizing the light. The Supreme is the light of all lights—the source of all understanding. Most people think knowledge is separate from them. They think: 'I need to acquire knowledge. Knowledge is out there.' But they're not recognizing that the Supreme is knowledge, the known, and the goal. The Supreme is the source of knowledge, the object of knowledge, and the goal of knowledge. Most people think the Supreme is somewhere else, distant, separate. They think: 'I need to reach it. It's far away.' But they're not recognizing that the Supreme is present in their hearts—not distant, not separate, but present. The Supreme is the ultimate knower—the light that illuminates all, beyond darkness, present in all hearts. When you understand this, you recognize the Supreme as the ultimate reality—the source of all, present in all, the goal of all knowledge. You don't need to reach it—it's already here, present in your heart, in all hearts. The Supreme is knowledge itself—the source, the object, and the goal. This understanding completes the recognition of the Supreme as the ultimate knower.

Are you in darkness, or do you recognize the light? Do you think knowledge is separate from you, or do you recognize the Supreme as knowledge itself? Do you think the Supreme is distant, or do you recognize it's present in your heart? What would change if you understood the Supreme as the ultimate knower—the light of all lights, present in all hearts?