The Yoga of Arjuna's Despair

After nine verses of psychological maneuvering, Duryodhana's truth slips out: 'Our army protected by Bhishma is aparyāpta (insufficient), theirs protected by Bhima is paryāpta (sufficient).' He's just listed legendary commanders—Bhishma, Drona, Karna—yet concludes his forces are inadequate. This is catastrophic thinking: when you've already lost in your mind, you interpret even your strengths as weaknesses. The verse teaches about confirmation bias—gathering all the evidence, yet arriving at a pre-decided conclusion of failure.